№ 12(168) vol. 1 – 2022

Abstract. The paper contains a reasoned criticism of the modern Western historiography of the Great Patriotic War in the context of the information war against Russia. Based on the analysis of the works of English and American historians, the authors prove that the historians of the United States and Great Britain not only admit some errors in the coverage of events, but consciously distort the facts, trying to cast doubt on the decisive contribution of the peoples of the Soviet Union to the victory over German fascism. For this purpose, forgers of history actively use techniques proven since the Cold War: silence and subjective interpretation of historical facts, unsubstantiated accusations against the USSR, ignoring the works of Russian historians. The paper concludes that the role of Western historiography is to create a pseudoscientific basis for a propaganda campaign aimed at replacing historical truth with anti-Russian ideological cliches in order to ensure the manipulation of mass consciousness and political behavior of people.

Abstract. The composer’s work is an eternal source of reflection for the researcher who turns to the work of this or that great musician. I. F. Stravinsky is no exception in this sense, especially since his life in art had a significant impact on the development of musical culture of the twentieth century. The presented article is devoted to the analysis of the process of the composer’s creative formation, the formation of his personal qualities, as well as the study of his compositions for piano.

Abstract. The prison department in the Russian Empire was constantly reformed during the 19th century. A significant milestone in this transformation was the provision of 1865 on the replacement of internal military guard posts in prisons with the supervision of civilian guards, which served as a precursor to the formation of prison guards. The prison guards were finally singled out by the regulation of 1887, which completely stopped the practice of attracting internal (local) troops to carry out guard functions in prisons (including for external guards) and these tasks were completely assigned to prison guards. The purpose of the article was to trace how the adopted legal provisions manifested themselves in the actual functioning of prison institutions at the provincial level. The Vologda province in this respect is very indicative. They hired prison guards, with a few exceptions, who were in the reserve of lower military ranks, among which non-commissioned officers prevailed over privates. Despite good salaries, with the possibility of increasing them after 5, 10 and 15 years, additional clothing allowance, and the right to a pension, many newly hired prison guards left within six months. The Regulations of 1887, with all the advantages it provided to prison guards, separated the employees of the prison guard from the ranks of the management of places of detention, closing the possibility of promotion to leadership positions.

Abstract. In the article, the author considers how a simple Siberian peasant Grigory Rasputin managed to become not only a part of the high society of the capital of the Russian Empire, but also a friend of the royal family. The article analyzes the causes and main stages of the growth of Rasputin’s popularity from 1904 to 1911. There are no special studies on this topic, only the general works of several modern researchers touch on this problem. Grigory Rasputin arrived in St. Petersburg thanks to his acquaintances from church hierarchs. Once in the capital, Rasputin made a strong impression on those around him. Soon he was introduced to the members of the high society of the capital. He was able to interest his interlocutors and make a positive impression on them, including the royal family. Rasputin appeared in the capital as “God’s man.” However, over time, his behavior changed, rumors began to spread about the obscene behavior of the “old man” Gregory. This led to the emergence of opponents of Rasputin, whose main task was to protect the royal family from the negative influence of Grigory Efimovich. Therefore, they undertook various ways to expose the “old man”. However, such attempts were not successful. In the end, the fight against the influence of Rasputin at the beginning of 1912 reached a new level: for the first time, his name was pronounced from the rostrum of the State Duma. Rasputin was no longer accused of moral crimes, but of interfering in state affairs.

Abstract. The aim of the article is to the consider the personality of the German professor of Moscow University Johann Matthias Schaden in the context of his theological training. Schaden studied at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Tübingen and was a fellow of the Tübinger Stift, significant theologians were among his direct teachers. It should also be considered that in contemporary Germany, the ideas of the Leipzig moralist writer C.F. Gellert were popular. Gellert managed to connect reason and the truths of Revelation in the spirit of the Enlightenment era. As shown in the work, the theological foundation acquired by Schaden, which included extensive language knowledge and attitudes of the Tubingen school, contributed to his invitation to the rector post of = university gymnasia in Moscow and allowed to explain both Schaden’s early teaching enthusiasm and the priority position of moral philosophy in his university course. In addition, the study of Schaden’s speeches published in Russian reveals the theological positions of the German professor. These positions were partly formed under the ideological influence of some of his Tübingen mentors and the writer Gellert. It is worth noting that from the point of view of theology, the autocratic form of government was seen by Schaden as the optimal form of rule.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of the image of the Russian Emperor Alexander I in the German-language press in 1814-1815. The representations of Alexander I as a victorious monarch, a diplomat, as well as his everyday representations during the Congress of Vienna are studied. Based on the analysis of sources, the author of the article recreates the image of the Russian emperor, which the German-speaking newspapers wanted to present to their readers in this period. At the same time, it is noted that they described both real and partly fictional situations demonstrating the positive qualities of Alexander I without relying on any facts, and expressed their approval of him not so much analytically as emotionally. The author concludes that such an image of the Russian emperor arose from the need of the German public to see him as a “defender of Germany”. At the same time, it is shown that the newspaper image of Alexander I was based on a number of his true conscious representations.

Abstract. The article examines the historiography of the Sergius’s monastic tradition in the XIV–XV centuries. The results of studying the key concepts of historians on this topic are presented. The author makes a conclusion about the predominance in historiography of view on the idea of continuity between the ven. Sergius and his followers, as well as about their commitment to cenobitic charter in combination with the desire for hermithood. In some works of historians, the presence of other monastic traditions is noted. This point of view is confirmed by sources. The remarks related to the peculiarities of the perspective of studying monastic traditions are given.

Abstract. The article traces the early history of ideas about “peace” and “war” as a mutually conditioned pair of concepts “peace” – “war”. Based on the material of the key monuments of ancient Russian literature and chronicles, the features that characterize these ideas as an important component of the political and spiritual culture of their time are highlighted.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of the news about the participation of foreign merchants in the embassy of stol’nik I. Chemodanov and diak A. Posnikov to Venice. Their participation can be traced already at a stage of preparation of embassy for departure to Italy when with intermediary of the English commissioner on Russian service John Gebdon the Dutch merchant ships were hired. The most significant interaction took place during the embassy’s stay in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. There the ambassadors came into contact with merchants representing European states (Charles Longland, Giuseppe Armano, Giovan Francesco Sanminiatelli) and eastern states (Moses Franco, Pietro Avach). The return of the embassy to Russia was also linked with a foreign merchant, David Ruts, who helped the envoys to hire a ship from Amsterdam to Arkhangelsk. On the basis of the analyzed information, four main forms of interaction between merchants and ambassadors are defined: transport escort, provision of lodgings, information exchange and trade operations. It is specified that most of the merchants involved were connected with the Arkhangelsk export trade, namely the lucrative caviar trade. The pragmatic desire to maintain stable relations with the Russian government, on the author’s opinion, was the main reason for providing assistance and services to members of the embassy.

Abstract. The article presents a causal picture of the influence of actual self-perception on the formation of obsessive-fabic disorders during a stressful life situation, in our case, this is the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and students forced to master distance learning. All linear correlations between these groups of variables do not exceed 0.3 in absolute value, i.e. all linear correlations are either very weak or weak, which indicates the absence of any significant linear dependencies. But going beyond the limits of linear models gives new information about the presence of the simplest non-linear relationships, which allows us to take a different look at the cause-and-effect conditionality of the studied psychological characteristics. In the model for quarts of an independent variable, using the author’s method of statistical analysis, 6 strong simplest non-linear relationships were identified. The article provides descriptions of these dependencies and their visual graphical representation, as well as their most probable estimates in the traditional approach. Thus, going beyond the linear models, we not only gain new knowledge within the framework of the study, but also do not risk making gross mistakes, offering as a result a qualitatively different, simpler interpretation when analyzing the study data.

Abstract. The research submitted is based on the assumption that the attitude of mothers of children with a general underdevelopment of speech of the 3rd level towards the child and its upbringing, as well as towards their family role, differs depending on the psychological type of the mother. Application of the Questionnaire of Parental Psychological Type (V.V. Tkacheva) and the methods of studying parental attitudes PARI revealed both differences and common features of mothers’ parental attitudes. It was revealed that mothers of all psychological types are characterized by a clear desire to protect their child, a tendency to take excessive care of him, as well as an idea of their own high responsibility in raising a child and excessive workload. Mothers of the authoritarian psychological type are distinguished by the conjugation of the attitude towards the child with the attitude towards their family role, the predominance of the tendency to dominate and set on super-authority, a combination of excessive severity and excessive irritability. Mothers of the neurotic type also revealed high dissatisfaction with the family role associated with the idea of their self-sacrifice, and the lowest indicators of the block of emotional contact with the child, significant irritability. Mothers of the psychosomatic type demonstrated a positive combination of high values of the indicators of the block of emotional contact with the child and low values of the indicators of the block of emotional distance in their attitude towards the child, however, their excessive severity in relation to the child was also noted.

Abstract. The article considers multidimensionality as a sign of similarity inherent in the Universe, man, as part of the universe and constructs of consciousness, as derivatives of the human mind. The parallel between the manifestation of multidimensionality as an attribute of human consciousness and the properties of biological objects follows from the achievements of modern quantum physics and quantum genetics, consistent with the information gleaned from esoteric sources, myths, ancient teachings. Here science and metaphysics merge, forming a holistic understanding and harmony between the subjective and objective aspects of reality. The idea of the multiplicity of worlds of Anaximander of Miletus is verified by modern theoretical calculations of representatives of primarily physical science. Let the opinion of researchers does not coincide regarding the number of worlds, but the very fact of the existence of the multiverse is no longer perceived as an incident. We have found a period of scientific paradigm shift that separated metaphysics from science. The process of reuniting the two directions of cognition of the world manifests itself in different scientific directions, including psychology.

The holographic paradigm as a scientific model of reality consistently connects the fundamental principles of psychology and philosophy, biology, mathematics, biochemistry, neurophysiology, various areas of physics, medicine, astronomy into one whole, which gives reason to use it as a tool for explaining the principles of the world order and man as part of this world. The holographic approach enriches psychology, justifying a probable mechanism for understanding psychological phenomena of perception, memory, and some components of psychological functions of personality. This makes it possible to consider them within the framework of a multidisciplinary approach. The multidimensional essence of a person also determines the multidimensionality of constructs generated by human consciousness, including concepts, as one of the derivatives of the human mind. Psychological and personal characteristics of the organization of the space-time position of human consciousness are closely interrelated with its multidimensional essence and manifest themselves in a number of temporal phenomena of critical situations. Levels, planes, dimensions, realities, worlds – the multiplicity of terms used to describe the concept of multidimensionality well illustrate the essence of the issue under consideration.

Abstract. The problem of the formation of the self-concept at a student’s age is one of the most significant and its solution is necessary for the formation of individuality, the value orientation of the personality, the stability of the subject position, life-meaning and professional orientations. Self-identity, acquired in adolescence, is due to the consistency of perceived external assessments of reference persons and relationships with other subjects of activity. Such relationships provide an expansion of the personal space and promising opportunities not only for building a personal concept and determining its hierarchy, but also for timely correction through the assessment of submodalities. The aim of the study was to determine the structure and characteristics of the submodalities of the self-concept of students. To assess the submodalities and their hierarchy, the following methods were used: the self-esteem scale of M. Rosenberg, the test of motivation for success and fear of failure by A.A. Reana, four-factor questionnaire I (4FYa) L.Ya. Dorfaman. The results of the study made it possible to determine the hierarchical structure of the submodalities of the self-concept of students of student age, as well as to identify the advantages of indicators indicating the dominance of the submodality of the “Author’s Self”. The signs of this submodality are the mental representation in the personality of one’s own independence, autonomy and autonomy.

Abstract. It would be fair to say that cinema is the most popular and widespread art form, accessible to the widest and most demanding audience. But in this article, cinema is not the object of research, but rather seen as a technical tool in an attempt to analyze the viewer’s subjective picture of the world, to confirm the thesis that ‘everybody has his own movie going on’. The inability to see the reality of the characters is due not only to identification with the characters, but also to the values, meanings and way of the viewer’s worldview. Ontopsychological cinemology uses this feature of the interpretation of cinema images as one of the mechanisms for authenticating a person, that is, restoring the natural accuracy of perception. The article presents the results of a study of the attitudes towards films and movie heroes of young people aged 20-25 years. As a hypothesis, the assumption was made that the peculiarities of the attitudes towards movie characters and to the film fragments are associated with the presence of romantic relationships at the moment, the general state at the time of watching the film (well-being, activity and mood) and such personal characteristics as existential fulfillment, leading coping strategies and self-attitude. A research methodology was developed that made it possible to detect statistically significant differences in attitudes towards movie characters in emotionally saturated situations, due not only to gender characteristics, but also to the presence or absence of their own romantic relationships.

Abstract. In this article we will briefly present Chinese classical music in terms of evolution, aesthetic characteristics, national spirit and culture embodied in classical music. Chinese classical music occupies an extremely special position in Chinese culture. Music was the first thing that was formed and consciously matured in ancient China. Ancient Chinese classics believed that beautiful and harmonious music was of great importance for the creation and management of a civilized state, and at the same time believed that music of the highest level is the embodiment of Heaven. Therefore, it can be said that Chinese classical music is another expression of Chinese philosophy.

Abstract. In connection with the existing trend for “cheerful and silly personalities” imposed by the media. And also according to numerous results of foreign and domestic studies, which note a decline in intellectual development in society in recent years. In connection with the above, the importance of studying and developing professional creative thinking increases. The most popular concepts of factorial and multiple studies of professional creative thinking do not allow us to adequately (objectively) study this phenomenon. In our opinion, it is most effective to conduct the study of professional creative thinking from the point of view of the structurally dynamic approach of Y.A. Ponomarev, D.V. Ushakov and their scientific school. The paper presents the text of the author’s methodology “The potential of professional creative thinking”, developed within the framework of the structural and dynamic approach, as well as the cultural and historical concept of L.S. Vygotsky, his students and followers. Currently, the study of professional creative thinking has not yet been completed, therefore, the results of only one of the subjects who participated in the study are presented in the text of the work. Upon completion of the full processing of all research materials, we will report the results in subsequent publications. The author’s team is ready to discuss all proposals for cooperation in the joint study of professional creative thinking.

Abstract. The article presents an analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the psycho-emotional states of military personnel – subjects of educational activities; clarification of the essential-substantive elements of the category “activity” in relation to military labor.

Abstract. The coincidence of the “ideological status” of music in the context of the goals and objectives of pedagogical science in Russia and China contributes to the inclusion in the process of training Chinese students of a complex and multifaceted theory of associative relations, aimed at mastering the meaningful artistic and figurative significance and depth of vocal art works and thereby enriching the content and methods of vocal education. Appeal to associative relations as a means of deep comprehension of the musical and aesthetic essence and cultural significance of artistic images of music by students from the People’s Republic of China is due to a number of reasons that are systemic in nature. This article presents the technology for studying this problem and the main scientific results.

Abstract. The article is a continuation of research aimed at addressing the issue of improving the efficiency of personnel management in construction organizations with such characteristics as multiplicity and multiculturalism, carrying out professional activities in the modern conditions of the VUCA and BANI worlds. One of the hallmarks of the construction industry is the relevance and necessity of teamwork, and therefore the readiness to work in teams is part of the competence of graduates of construction universities. Construction students at the stage of training in the master’s program are active full-time employees of real construction companies. The originality and success of intra- and inter-team interaction is of research interest. The basis of this study is the concept of intergroup adaptation by A.V. Bulgakov in terms of its emotional component, approaches to understanding organizational culture. Diagnostic tools are presented by K. Quinn and R. Cameron’s method of assessing organizational culture in the modernization of A.V. Bulgakov, a test for determining the leading team role according to the Belbin model. The dominant organizational culture of construction organizations for the period from 2018 to 2022 retained the characteristics of a result culture, the role composition of construction teams is represented by performers, collectivists, closers. Typical graphical results of the study are given in the article. The general conclusion determines the further direction of the study, aimed at studying the management of construction companies.

Abstract. The article gives a brief description of the Flipped Classroom methodology, outlines the main ways of applying the methodology in practice, describes the specifics of the organizational and methodological aspects of implementing this methodology. In addition to theoretical information about the features of the methodology, the author offers several scenarios for the practical use of the «Flipped Classroom» within the framework of the educational cycle «homework and forms of control». A detailed analysis of the main qualities of the positive and negative properties of the methodology is supported by methodological recommendations designed to help resolve problem situations and quickly establish work in the classroom.

Abstract.The article considers digital communications from the point of view of the educational process and the formation of the necessary digital competencies. It is shown that the global digitalization of all socio-economic activities imposes new requirements on human capital, leads to fundamental changes in the field of communications both between individuals and within the framework of corporate communication. Digital technologies are used in many business processes of enterprises and organizations, including organizational and management processes. Digital communication technologies have become the main tool for interaction, but their use requires the possession of certain digital skills and competencies. In order for modern educational programs to meet the needs of the labor market and form the necessary competencies, their development should take into account the requirements for personnel set forth in the relevant professional standards. The purpose of this article is to study the compliance of educational programs and their corresponding professional standards in terms of the formation of digital communication competencies. The authors of the article proposed a methodology for assessing the contingency of educational programs and professional standards, based on the application of the principles of functional cost analysis. The proposed methodology can be used in the evaluation of educational programs as part of the procedure for professional public accreditation.

Abstract. The article discusses the content of the concept of “pedagogical technology” and the classification of pedagogical technologies. Based on the analysis and generalization of advanced pedagogical experience and modeling of pedagogical situations, the technologies that most organically fit into the system of methods of art pedagogy were selected. The possibilities of extrapolating some technologies into the context of the pedagogy of music education are studied in detail. In particular, personality-oriented, suggestive, gaming technologies are considered, techniques of critical thinking technology are described in detail, using specific examples.

Abstract. The article considers the methodological plan for the lesson in terms of the application of media education technology. Media education, integrated into traditional disciplines, has a wide space for the development of critical thinking, develops the ability to understand the hidden text of a particular information message, media text and highlight its main points.

Abstract.The article conducts an original search for predictors of probabilistic life expectancy in terms of the quality of family and parent-child relationships. In the theoretical part of the work, the legitimacy of posing such a question is substantiated (including based on empirical data already fixed in the scientific field). The description of the empirical part is based on the female sample. The results of the study showed: a greater influence on the probabilistic (expected) life expectancy of negative (low quality) aspects of family and child-parent relationships, in comparison with positive ones; the priority of the influence of the quality of relations with the father and the ambivalence of assessments of these relations in women whose parents are divorced; the lack of warmth and the formality of relations with the mother creates the risk of developing bad habits and asynchronous lifestyle, setting a decrease in the potential for its duration; the presence of family psychotrauma prevents full-fledged care of one’s health as a factor in longevity; women whose parents are divorced and who have distant relationships with their mothers tend to be interested in longevity issues. The genetically positive determinant of probabilistic life expectancy, to a greater extent, is the survival of the grandparents up to 80 years, and the genetically negative determinant is the illness and death of parents up to 50 years. Working and active women tend to be optimistic about their longevity.

Abstract. The article presents a description of the methodological provisions for the synthesis of a system for training specialists in the field of management using modern information technologies. The developed methodological provisions include a set of principles and a methodological approach based on the study of the learning system as an ergatic system and can be used to develop and improve information and analytical systems used for training in higher professional education programs.

Abstract. The article deals with the problem of integrating the works of Chinese authors into the educational process of the piano class of a music school. It is indicated that these are often folklore arrangements – piano arrangements of instrumental compositions, adaptations of national vocal melodies, transcriptions and paraphrases of orchestral and opera music. Despite the fact that currently the piano compositions of this segment are intensively diversified in style, forms, genres, artistic content, national music still occupies a low position in the educational process of the piano class and requires more active implementation. Among the reasons for this, the author cites the foreign origin of the piano with appropriate teaching methods, a limited number of Chinese original piano works, contrasting characteristics of Western and Chinese culture and the possibility of transcriptions of musical folklore into a specific piano texture. Nevertheless, using the wide popularity of piano training, it is possible to increase the recognition of national music. The teacher should consistently promote the national culture, increase the level of its understanding, adjusting the teaching methods accordingly. The appeal to Chinese folklore has a positive effect on the musical abilities of students, since these works are mentally close to Chinese children, they feel their intonation, emotional colors and imaginative structure. Currently, more and more piano works are appearing in the country, reflecting the unique features of the musical style of China, focused, among other things, on children’s performance. The content and artistic forms of these pieces cover a wide range and are saturated with a variety of folk melodies. It is necessary to create a diversified system and structure of piano teaching in schools in accordance with different musical styles, genres, national attributes, criteria for musical evaluation, to include national Chinese works in this system and use this material to improve the performing skills and artistic taste of novice pianists.

Abstract. The article notes the pronounced educational specification of the etude genre, its importance in the educational repertoire and, in general, the professional development of a young pianist. Based on this, a variety of methodological materials, anthologies and collections used to train various piano playing skills are of great value. The author briefly gives examples of the most popular etudes, as well as technological problems characteristic of the educational process of the piano class of music schools in China. Defining the technical training of a novice pianist in accordance with the original translation from Greek as “art”, “skill”, the author emphasizes the dichotomous genesis of the piano etude is a tool for teaching technological skills and interpreting the figurative content of the work. Based on this, the principles of the effective use of the etude genre as an integrative artistic and technological tool for teaching a pianist in modern Chinese piano education are formulated. This is an accurate diagnosis of existing technical shortcomings, control of the student’s physical resources, awareness of his own muscular experience, formation of appropriate somatic perception, analytical abilities in the educational process, integration of various methods of teaching piano playing. A person who truly loves music and piano, studies hard, eventually masters the necessary technologies and uses them to express an artistic image in music and becomes a real artist. To do this, a piano teacher needs to intelligently organize the educational process with optimal integration between learning levels and various skills.

Abstract. This article reveals the relevance of the problem associated with the development of socio-psychological conflictology as a branch. The article examines the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding not only destructive, but also constructive, as well as hybrid conflicts. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics and classification of social conflicts. Therefore, it is not by chance that the most important task is to create a full-fledged theory of social conflicts. Without this, it is impossible to talk about effective settlement and resolution of social conflicts. Socio-psychological conflictology is an integral part of conflictology. There is still a lot to be done both in theoretical and applied terms for its full registration as an industry. Currently, there is an urgent need to develop the conflictological competence not only of professionals, but also of various groups of the population.

Abstract. Hotel enterprises in the world and in our country have a long history. But they began to professionally train personnel for the industry only at the end of the 19th century, when hospitality schools began to open abroad, which later grew into universities. The content of the educational programs was aimed at studying the management of the hotel business, the availability of internships and a close relationship with industry representatives.

In our country, the professional training of hotel industry specialists began to be carried out only in the last century, while the approaches and forms of training by the end of the 20th century are undergoing significant changes that have arisen due to a change in the economic and political structure of the country. The basis of modern vocational training is a competency-based approach aimed at acquiring and developing students’ knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for working in a hotel. Studying at a university is one of the key stages in the professional development of a specialist’s personality, so the management and teaching staff need to pay special attention to the “entry” of students into the professional environment.

Abstract. Objective – identification of the features of dominant emotions and the degree of satisfaction with the spheres of life, indicating the space of realization of hedonistic and eudemonic needs, among representatives of Russian and foreign students studying in the general environment of the university. The study sample consisted of 148 Tomsk university students aged 17 to 37 years (average age 21.80±3.79), who were divided into 2 groups: Russian (n=57) and foreign (n=91) students. It is established that the majority of students are satisfied with various areas of their lives. Foreign students are significantly more satisfied with their confidence in the future and less satisfied with relationships with loved ones than Russian students. Statistically significant differences in dominant emotions in groups of students were found. The features of the relationship of dominant emotions with personal well-being in groups of students are determined. Significant factors of subjective well-being in the Russian sample are highlighted. Opposite types of students were identified according to the criterion of subjective well-being in both groups. The revealed features of subjective well-being among Russian and foreign students can become targets and points of personal growth in correctional and developmental work with students in the process of socio-cultural adaptation.

Abstract. The article presents data from an empirical study of the eating behavior of women with childhood experience of physical punishment in the parental family. The theoretical foundations of the study, the provisions on which the empirical study is based are given. The study involved 995 women, aged 18 to 38 years. Data collection was carried out using an anonymous online survey. Methods used: questionnaire survey; EDI-2 Eating Disorders Questionnaire; questionnaire “Cognitive-behavioral patterns in eating disorders”; family environment scale. The hypothesis about the relationship between women’s eating behavior, dysfunctional family relationships and physical punishment has been proved. The specificity of the eating behavior of women with experience of physical punishment in the parental family was revealed. For women, situations of overeating are more typical, combined with a sense of guilt. Stress, emotional stress, psychological discomfort can cause food intake. Characteristics of eating behavior become less harmonious with an increase in intra-family tension, conflicts, in the absence of the possibility of social, cultural, and intellectual development.

Abstract. The article presents the results of an empirical study of individual typological features of the perception of historical monuments and their architectural styles by high school students in Moscow and Novosibirsk, students of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Belarusian National Technical University, BIP ‒ University of Law and Social Information Technologies, Mozyr State Pedagogical University named after I.P. Shamyakin, Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, as well as employees of various organizations in Moscow and regions of Russia. In total, survey data of 517 respondents aged 16-48 years are presented, including 402 females and 115 males.

According to the results of the study, a general trend of preference for classical styles of architecture (classicism and empire, as well as triumph) was revealed, regardless of the age and region of residence of the respondents. At the same time, in the course of assessing the individual typological features of the preference for architectural styles, a number of age and regional differences were identified, which must be taken into account when analyzing the aesthetic perception of the architectural and spatial environment by both residents and guests of the capital. The following age pattern was revealed: the higher the age of the respondents, the more preference is given to classical architectural styles, the lower the age of the respondents, the more often the respondents opt for modern style. It was also found that respondents from Russia prefer the Art Nouveau style to a greater extent than citizens of neighboring countries from Kazakhstan and the Republic of Belarus.

The assessment data of the motivational-value sphere showed that among the respondents who prefer modern architecture, the anthropocentric personality type more often prevails, while the respondents who prefer classical architectural styles are more likely to have a sociocentric personality type. Thus, the aesthetic perception and preference for a particular architectural style depends on the individual typological characteristics of the individual.

Abstract. The article presents and describes the results of an empirical study among people who continue their education in adulthood. This study involved 30 undergraduates who participated in the experiment, and 33 undergraduates included in the control group. A set of techniques was used to determine the biopsychological age, stress resistance and performance in two groups. It was found that for the period from April to October 2022, the control group showed significant deterioration in biopsychological age and stress resistance, while in the experimental group there were significant improvements in these indicators, including performance.

Abstract. Introduction Emergency situations (emergencies) of a military nature are a factor affecting the lives of civilians, in this regard, the protection of the population living on the frontline territories becomes one of the priorities of the policy in the field of ensuring the national security of Russia. In order to study resilience as a component of personal potential in women of older age groups living in the combat zone, psychological testing of 26 mentally healthy older women permanently residing in the city was conducted. Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, the average age was 69.4+2.3 years. Materials and methods. The following psychological methods were used: the Maddy resilience test adapted by D.A. Leontiev and E.I. Rasskazova in 2006, the test of life orientations by D.A. Leontiev, the method of “Coping Strategy” by R. Lazarus in adaptation by T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva in 2004. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using the SPSS 20.0 program, the Mann-Whitney criterion and Spearman rank correlation analysis were applied. Results. It is shown that there is a relationship between resilience and its components with meaningful life orientations and a feature of coping strategies, which together act as the personal potential of older women in emergency conditions caused by military actions.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the subjective attitude of gymnasts of different ages, from junior schoolchildren to teenagers in elite sport. It presents the results of factor analysis based on the data of each component of the well being as subjective attitude: internal state, communicative and activity in sport. A typology of gymnasts based on a dendrogram. The subjective attitude in this paper is interpreted as the attitude of gymnasts who see themselves as a potentially affected subject of sports activity. The article also compares the periodization of L.S. Vygotsky and dynamics of development of the subject attitude of gymnasts, their similarities and differences (based on sports activities and early professionalization). 135 gymnasts and their results in competitions were examined. All findings draw conclusions based on the development priorities of the subject attitude of gymnasts. Also results identify the features of their crisis condition in comparison with ordinary age periodization. Hierarchical clustering of factor analysis data revealed three groups of gymnasts 7-11 years old, two groups of 11-15 years old and two groups of 15-17 years old. These groups characterize the crisis states of the development of gymnasts subjective attitude. The paper revealed an increased amount of crises and increasing speed of the rate of development of the gymnasts subject attitude, which are in confrontation with the natural periods of development. This gymnasts condition includes a spectrum of ambivalent states which persist up to 17 years.

Abstract. The presented work reflects the results of a theoretical and empirical study of the problem of the connection of the expression of hope for the help of loved ones with the emigration attitudes of young people, which is relevant due to its insufficient knowledge. Objective: to determine the nature of the links of hope for the help of loved ones at home and abroad with the emigration attitudes of Russian youth. Hypotheses: hope for the help of loved ones abroad is positively associated with the emigration attitudes of young people; hope for the help of loved ones at home is negatively associated with the emigration attitudes of young people. Sample: 646 Russians aged 17 to 35 years, including 78% women (504 people). The study was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021 using the Scale of Migration Attitudes methodology (S. A. Kuznetsova, I. Y. Kuznetsov, A.V. Feshchenko), modified into the “Scale of Emigration attitudes” and questions aimed at studying the degree of hope for the help of loved ones at home and abroad. It is established that the emigration attitudes of young Russians are connected: 1) negatively with the hope of helping loved ones at home; 2) positively with the hope of helping loved ones abroad. The data obtained indicate that: 1) young people who count on the support and assistance of relatives, relatives, friends in the current country of residence are not directed to move abroad; 2) young people who have relatives, friends abroad and hope for assistance in moving are focused on emigration. The results of the study can be used to predict the emigration activity of young people.

Abstract. The psychological, anthropometric and functional characteristics of young men identified in the third functional group of health (having chronic diseases) were studied. The paper deals with the psychological, anthropometric features and the state of the autonomic nervous system in young men on the 1st year of study at the Irkutsk State University. We examined 60 first-year boys, students of the Irkutsk State University. The experimental group included 15 people with diseases of the musculoskeletal system (scoliosis), 15 people with vegetovascular dystonia (VVD), the control group consisted of 30 people – practically healthy young men. Healthy boys (control group) were characterized by high levels of adaptability, while students with chronic diseases (pathology of the musculoskeletal system and VVD) were characterized by low and very low levels of adaptation. Among the examined young men, the normosthenic type of constitution prevailed in 69% of cases, and in 31% of cases, the asthenic type was detected. It was found that young men with vegetative-vascular dystonia were characterized by the lowest body mass index (BMI) and the highest body fat mass in comparison with young men with scoliosis (p<0.05) and in comparison with the control. Healthy young men were characterized by the highest rates of bone mass, low rates of body fat and the highest rates of dynamometry. Young men with VVD were characterized by a long recovery time for heart rate and blood pressure levels to the initial levels after a cold test.

Abstract. The role of foreign languages has changed dramatically. This process is spurred by the constantly accelerating world globalization, motivating people from different countries to create joint projects. The most convenient way of communication at the moment is the interaction via the Internet, which enables you not only to communicate, but also sale goods, sign transactions, provide services and many other things. While implementing these activities the programs and equipment require constant diverse maintenance, and as a result the need for highly qualified IT personnel who are fluent in foreign languages has grown in the labor market.

The processes taking place in the world have affected both the education system and the methodology of foreign languages training. A professionally oriented approach has come to the fore. This article explores the essence of this concept, clarifies the distinctive features of foreign languages teaching to students preparing to work in the IT field, and highlights the positive aspects, conditions and features of the introduction of the principles of professionally oriented learning. It is devoted to the study of organizing professionally oriented training means of IT students in the context of modern realities, which could maximize the level of foreign language communicative competence development within the framework of the future working life of the students.