№11 (119) — 2018

Abstract: In the context of Russia modernization history of interest are Russian military policy of the XIX century and the development of domestic military education. At the origins of the emergence in Russia of a separate military training establishment stood, in addition to the other, an essentially little studied project of the Chief of the 1st Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg General Prince P.A. Zubov. According to this plan, military schools were supposed to get noble children to complete primary and secondary education and then to send them for further education in the capital’s cadet corps or universities in Russia. This concept has been endorsed by Emperor Alexander I. On his orders, Major General I. Begichev was sent in a long trip to the provincial cities indicated in the project. Returning from a one-year trip he reported on the readiness of the local nobility to allocate funds for the establishment and operation of military schools. The project of Zubov has been edited by a special commission and recognized as possible for execution, but the commission did not specify the final date for its implementation. The military actions which had been under way in Europe distracted the government from this work and the plan was never implemented. Nevertheless, at the suggestion of the commission, a special body was created for the first time – the Council on military educational institutions. From that moment it started to manage the military education in Russia.

Keywords: Russian army at the beginning of the XIX century, military schools, education of the Russian nobility, ideas of enlightenment.

Abstract. Educational quality is particularly relevant in an environment of commercialization of universities and the growing need for students to pay for higher education. In a wave of commercialization of education, the students, being the clients of higher education institutions, demonstrate strong demand for quality services when choosing an educational institution. In the face of the popularity of the international rating system, using research activity as the main criterion for the success of a university, and the Russian national methodology for assessing the educational quality as per 4 groups (transparency and free access to information, comfort of the educational process, kindness and competence of teachers, satisfaction with the quality of teaching), the author raises the question of insufficient consideration of the teaching quality as a key indicator determining the achievements of students. Herein the author examines the criteria for assessing educational activities used in the methodological recommendations and the federal state educational standards of Russia and emphasizes the need to balance teaching and research activities. The author examines the commonly used abroad approaches to improve the quality of teaching: the “value added” approach and “double loop” approach.  Noting the ambiguity of the approaches and the impossibility to correlate student achievements with teacher’s selected characteristics, the author suggests to consider three groups of indicators – on personal, institutional and external levels – when developing a strategy for improving the educational quality, words the requirements for the indicators and explains the importance of interaction between three levels.

Keywords. Educational quality, criteria for assessing, Federal State Educational Standard, approach of “value added” and “double loop”.

Abstract. Thearticle focuses on the foreign language discourse in the economic translationclass, whichis the key aspect of theforeign language curriculum at a higher education institution training would-beeconomists. The author concludes that such a low-formality and student-centereddiscourse involving group discussions and relying on organization andassistance strategies contributes to developing professional competences andfirst-language identity of students.

Keywords: professionally oriented foreign languageteaching at a higher education institution; pedagogic discourse; discoursestrategies; economic translation class; professional competences of studentsmajoring in foreign economic relations.

Abstract. In this article the Scheme-therapy is considered as one of the current trends in modern psychology. The author emphasized an importance of diagnosing early maladaptive schemes within psychological counseling based on Scheme-therapy. The possibilities of their diagnosis have been described. Based on the analysis conclusions were drawn about the lack of the necessary tools. Under consideration are methods by which one can indirectly determine the predominance of different types of early maladaptive schemes. The article reviews Questionnaire of Reflected Parental Relations of A. Varg and V. Stolin, Diagnostic Technique of E. Kheim’s coping mechanisms as well as Method of Coupled Comparisons of V. Skvortsova, Diagnostics of Interpersonal Relationships of T. Leary, Methods for Diagnosing the Level of Subjective Control by J. Rotter, Methods for Diagnosing the Level of Subjective Loneliness Feeling by D. Russell and M. Ferguson and specific schemes that can be identified using these indirect methods are detected. Based on the analysis it was concluded that this psychotherapeutic approach needs to introduce new psycho-diagnostic methods for diagnosing early maladaptive schemes in order make this direction more studied and effective in the field of psychological counseling, and the work of specialists in this field should be made more productive.

Keywords: scheme-therapy, early maladaptive schemes, diagnosis of early maladaptive schemes.

Abstract. The article presents the results of an empirical studying the influence of family upbringing on the degree of child’s envy. The author comes to the conclusion that the child’s personal envy is not related to such educational styles that are characterized by emotional acceptance, development of clear requirements regarding the child’s duties and standards methods, while giving him independence in actions, restricting parental desire to satisfy all the needs of the child, alternating educational methods and techniques. Raising a child by a mother in an single-parent family in terms of envious behavior formation is characterized by instability and uncertainty. The study showed the importance of the fullness of the family and the nature of child – parent relations for the development of children jealousness.

Keywords: style of upbringing, child-parent relationship, envy, personal jealousness, full family, single-parent family.

Abstract. This article focuses on the use of formative evaluation, in particular, formative feedback to improve such basic communication skills as the ability to tell stories. The article presents the results of a study conducted to identify the degree of effectiveness of feedback received from peers during the formation and narration of a small story about a significant thing or event. As peers we define not only persons who are the same as the subjects, but also those who can be with the subjects in the same status, at the same level in the hierarchy. The methodology used is a modified scheme, previously used in the concept of learning by action. We also offer areas for the practical application of the results of our research – in particular, in the form of in-house training. The results of this study can be useful by studying the issue of formative training evaluation and not only programs.

Keywords: formative feedback, formative evaluation, communicative skill.

Abstract. Awareness of the philosophical foundations of learning to play a musical instrument, in particular, on the bassoon is the most important condition for the formation of an adequate understanding of the essence and effectiveness of the methods and objectives of education at the present stage of development. The author shows the irregularity of the process of the history of philosophical aspects of musical art development in terms of its various components. The author concludes that the awareness of philosophical aspects in the sphere of instrumental performance on a large scale has started only since the second half of the XIXth century. Moreover the process stays irregular. The pedagogy for the art of playing the wind instruments particularly the bassoon borrows the philosophical aspects from other trends. Its specific features have not been reflected in the scientific publications yet. The key conclusion of the article is that the principle of striving for stylistic and interpretative pluralism, the principle of free and independent determination of the purpose of the “mission” of the performer is becoming more and more widespread in the modern pedagogy of performing on the bassoon. The author also concludes that lately the above mentioned trend of pedagogy tends to aware its philosophical aspects according to the specificity of playing the bassoon nowadays. That is because of the active search of new ways of performers creative self-realization in this sphere.

Keywords: bassoon, playing the bassoon, pedagogy for the art of playing the bassoon, philosophical aspects of the pedagogy for the art of playing the bassoon, the trio “composer-performer-listener”.

Abstract. The article deals with theoretical and applied aspects of professional responsibility of social services employees. It also presents the results of a study of the level of professional responsibility of social services employees, as well as ways of its development.

Keywords: professional responsibility, social worker, locus of control, anchor of career, career orientations, development of professional responsibility.

Abstract: the article substantiates the need for the formation of a new professional culture of management personnel in the information society, which includes such an important component as information culture. Despite the considerable interest in these aspects, the problem field of the new social reality – the activities of local governments in the information society-remains insufficiently understood. In this regard, the importance of information culture in the activities of local governments is analyzed, the main criteria for assessing the level of information culture in municipalities are identified: information competence of municipal employees, information and technical support of local government and municipal administration, information interaction between the subjects of management, information competence of consumers of municipal services, information and legal support for the activities of local governments; the basic problems of formation and development of information culture of municipal employees are allocated. The article presents statistical data and the results of sociological surveys illustrating the level of development of information culture in local governments.

Key words: local self-government, municipal management, local self-government bodies, municipal service, municipal employees, information culture

Abstract. The practice of professional and vocational personnel training is carried out under the influence of numerous factors of both external and internal environment of the military organization that might hamper the quality organization and management of these processes. In view of the principle of continuity in the organization and conduct of training, the head should take into account the nature of the impact of environmental factors on the quality and level of military training organized by him in general as well as professional and vocational training of military specialists, in particular. In this regard, it is especially important to understand the degree of influence of negative environmental factors on the process of professional and vocational training in order to minimize or preferably avoid any interference on the result of training. One of the scientific and practical tools to isolate the most influential from the totality of environmental conditions is factor analysis and its essence and specificity is considered in the article. The authors identified three groups of factors affecting the level and quality of professional and vocational training; these are organizational, methodological and technical factors. The article reveals the essence, content and specifics of the expert assessment of the factors identified, the most significant factors are determined for the development of compensate measures or actions eliminating f completely their negative impact.

Keywords. Process management, professional and vocational training, factor, factor analysis.

Abstract. The problem of psychological time has been examined by researchers for a quite long time, however, there are not so many empirical studies concerning the impact on various aspects of a person, including the experience of solitude. At the same time, it is important to study the psychological time in the context of experiencing loneliness for a person at adolescent age, because this age period is distinguished by the active development of self-awareness of the individual as well as the choice of life-realization prospects. These requirements for young adults contribute to a more acute experience of being alone, which may, in turn, require timely psychological correction and assistance from psychologists, teachers, etc. The article discusses the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying the specifics of the influence of psychological time on the loneliness experience of a person in adolescence. The study used the following techniques: “Cyclic test of time” by T. Cottle, F. Zimbardo’s time perspective questionnaire, timeline scales of J. Nutten, differential questionnaire by E. Osina and D. Leontiev. Thus, the influence of the psychological future, present and past on negative and positive attitude towards loneliness has been proved. As part of the study the significant differences have been obtained in the psychological time of young men and women with different types of loneliness experience (“loneliness as a resource”, “existential crisis”, “avoiding loneliness”, “suffering from loneliness”). These results can help determine the direction of psychological impact on various parameters of psychological time in order to minimize negative experiences of solitude.

Keywords. Psychological time, psychological future, present and past, adolescent age, experience of solitude.

Abstract. In this empirical article presents an extensive study of emotional-sensual sphere of adolescent girls 11-13 years involved in rhythmic gymnastics for 6-8 years. Studied the following parameters of the individual gymnasts: physical aggression; verbal aggression; indirect aggression; negativism; irritability; suspicion; resentment; guilt; self-esteem; level of claims; the neurotic; anxiety; emotional stability. Given a systematic analysis of the correlation studied personality aspects.

Keywords: psychology of sport; artistic gymnastics; girls; teenagers; 11-13 years; personality; emotional sphere; aggression; negativism; irritability; suspicion; resentment; guilt; self-esteem; level of claims; the neurotic; anxiety; emotional stability.

Abstract. The article is devoted to an important and significant for psychological science problem of researching the volitional traits of a person, in particular organization, allowing a person to rationally use his opportunities to achieve the necessary results in the shortest possible time.

The author emphasizes the great importance of organization for the effectiveness of the professional activities of servicemen who perform combat tasks in defense of the Motherland, on which state and public security depends, in extreme, life-threatening conditions.

The maximum level of development of volitional self-regulation and volitional properties, along with special physical training, requires the performance of combat missions by the airborne troops, which necessitates a closer attention to educating this quality of their personality.

The object of the study, the results of which are presented in the article, was the identity of military personnel (by the example of paratrooper cadets), the subject being organization as a system property of their personality.

The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics of the manifestation and the psychological structure of the organization of servicemen-athletes.

The article briefly presents the system-functional approach to the study of the properties of the personality and individuality of A.I. Krupnova, which allows to consider them as a system of content-semantic (motivational-targeted, cognitive, effective) and instrumental-style (dynamic, emotional, regulatory, reflexive-evaluative) components in their unity and interrelations, to identify the “weaknesses” that impede the implementation and development of the property, and in accordance with this plan ways of correctional and developmental work.

The results of a comparative analysis of the content and style components of the organization of military personnel of different levels of sports training are described, which allowed the author to empirically confirm the hypothesis that the development of military organization is promoted not only by the conditions of military service, but also by systematic, serious sports.

It is shown that military athletes have a stronger and more stable desire to show organization as a personality trait, a variety of ways to implement it, more accurate and meaningful ideas about it, its importance and the need for development, more active internal self-regulation, less anxiety and self-doubt if necessary independently organize the execution of a business or assignment, albeit with more pronounced egocentric motives.

The psychological structure of organization of servicemen-athletes indicated that, acting in an organized manner, they took full responsibility for their actions, actively controlled them, experienced positive emotions of joy and satisfaction, showed personal interest in the results, faced certain difficulties associated with lack relevant skills and emotional problems. The development and upbringing of their organization contributed to the awareness of the importance and necessity of organized behavior in order to achieve success in life, as well as increased dedication and motivation, cultivating the volitional habits necessary for precise planning of their activity, and training in emotional self-regulation skills.

Keywords: servicemen-athletes, personality, organization,meaningful semantic and instrumental-style components, features, psychological structure.

Abstract. The article deals with someaspects of the study of mental self-regulation as the most important factor ofprofessional reliability of specialists of power structures. The psychologicalreasons of decrease of reliability in situations of professional activity as aconsequence of existence of natural contradictions between external and internalcomponents of activity are analyzed. The possibility of overcoming the existing”barriers” to achieve professional reliability of variousdeterminations on the basis of the development of individual style of mentalself-regulation and its implementation in situations of professional activityof military personnel is shown. The professional opportunities which appear atthe expert thanks to the developed ability to mental self-regulation aredesignated.

Keywords. Professional reliability, situational andpsychological barriers of professional activity, professional and personaldevelopment, image, mental state, mental self-regulation, arbitrary mentalself-regulation, individual style of self-regulation.